Oystermouth Historical Association ~ Cymdeithas Hanesyddol Ystumllwynarth

Oystermouth Historical Association

 

OHA New Website

By Joel Bennett

The Oystermouth Historical Association (OHA) Website has moved to its temporary new home while a more modern Website is under development. You may wish to make a note of the new Website URL which is here for you to also click and enjoy http://sites.google.com/site/ahistoryofmumbles/

The full programme of OHA Events will be included on the current Website shortly and we will be including them here on our Mumbles Matters Community Events page as soon as we get them. Links to the OHA Website can always be found here on Mumbles Matters including this very moving, impressive Website from the OHA, Mumbles War Memorials https://sites.google.com/site/mumbleswarmemorials/

If you prefer to flip through the pages of Mumbles History at your leisure then you may well be interested in Carol Powell of the OHA’s latest publication 'Some Lost Places of Mumbles and Other Stories' which explores the changed face of Mumbles also telling us of those 19th century Mumbles men who sailed to far-off lands to bring back copper to Swansea and others who stayed here, living and working on the lighthouse island, safeguarding the welfare of sailors around our rocky shore.

You can purchase 'Some Lost Places of Mumbles and Other Stories' and Carol’s release from last year, 'Great-grandmas' Mumbles, Their Stories' from Cover to Cover book shop in Mumbles http://www.cover-to-cover.co.uk/ 

  C.E.Tucker & The Mumbles Press

and

Living above the ShopThe Dunns 1916-1950

by

Sylvia Bagley

 

For over thirty years, the Mumbles Press was a key institution of Mumbles life. My father, Christopher ‘C.E.’ Tucker, was its founder and driving spirit. In 1956, when he retired, he was described as ‘the man who put Mumbles on the map’ and he worked tirelessly to promote the Mumbles that he loved.

 

He first set up a printing business in the Dunns, where Solo now stands. Then in 1903 he bought No 8 The Dunns. And for over thirty years, until 1936, he promoted Mumbles through the Mumbles Press. At the same time, with my mother, Florence, he ran a local shop for both residents and visitors, with all sorts of seaside materials, smokes – and his very own lending library.

 

He and my mother were married in 1912, and the Mumbles Press chronicles in detail the clothes and jewellery of the bride and the bridesmaids – and all the presents received, and from whom. It was a grand wedding, at Clyne Chapel, Blackpill. And the reception was at the Ship & Castle Hotel, the site of the present-day Conservative Club.

 

Among the family records is one of continuing interest to present-day Mumbles. In 1916, a young apprentice printer was indentured to my father, to receive 5 shillings for the first year, increasing by one shilling per year for seven years. It was one Richard Cottle, son of Charles Cottle – none other than the grandfather of Tony Cottle known in this generation as the ‘eyes and ears of Mumbles’, and still providing a printing service. Charles Cottle (Tony Cottle’s grandfather) was the last lighthouseman of Mumbles – a real character, who had a cat which could swim and catch fish… Richard did not complete his full seven-year training, and the Indenture was eventually cancelled.

 

The Mumbles Press was published every Thursday, and sold for one penny. It provided local news, natural history, religious notes and romantic serials. The boys who sold the paper were paid 1d per dozen sold.

 

My father was also a Councillor, a Member of Mumbles Urban District Council and was instrumental, following its closure, in getting a Branch Library established on the site. When the Urban District Council was abolished in 1923, and Mumbles came to be run by Swansea Corporation, he used to complain that there was much less local news to report.

  • The Corporation has not done a lot for the district’, he observed in 1956, ‘not as much as they should have. It was different in the old days when we had our own urban council. Things were a lot livelier…

 

He was also for many years a member of the Swansea Improvement Association, publicising the Mumbles area – though his view remained that ‘Mumbles does not properly cater for visitors…’

 

The present City Council should think about that – while the Community Council does now try to address my father’s concerns about local interests, local colour and community identity.

 

My daughter Susan, who lives in Malvern, is carrying on the family tradition: she and her husband run a printing company there. My father would have been very proud to know that the family tradition is being maintained.

 

Living above the Shop The Dunns 1916-1950

 

My memories of growing up in Mumbles are such happy ones. I was born and brought up at Number 8 The Dunns, in a large four-storey house, just opposite the garage, on the seaward side of the road.

 

In our basement was a huge printing press; the shop, C.E. Tuckers, was at ground level and behind it there was a second print-room. Above, were our living quarters, with four large bedrooms. This was the home of the Tucker family and of The Mumbles Press, of which my father was the Editor.

 

The land at the back our house belonged to South Wales Transport, and my father had to pay them rent for the use of the two steps that gave us rear access. We had no garden: the beach was our ‘garden’, and we had wonderful times there. There was always so much going on! On Bank Holidays, donkeys met the trains, to carry passengers to Langland and to other beaches. We Tucker children, and our friends, played in the railway trucks at the back of our house.

 

Our shop sold cigarettes, tobacco, stationery, postcards, as well as seaside equipment like buckets and spades. We also offered a library facility: those borrowing books had their names and addresses noted down, but I cannot now remember how much they paid. As we grew older, we helped our Mother more and more, in the shop.

 

We earned our pocket money by going to all the B&Bs and hotels in the area collecting the names of visitors. Their details were then published in The Mumbles Press. This was a good advertising technique because the visitors, always anxious to see their names in print, bought their own copies of the newspaper.

 

Smells evoke memories of that time, for me – especially of fish, and of Christmas puddings. In the sea behind the Station there were long fishing nets staked out with pockets at the end of them, to catch the fish. The fishermen would come, with horses and carts, to collect the fish, keeping the prime fish and throwing away the smallest. Those were the ones we collected, and Mother cooked them – a wonderful smell and taste.

 

Mother used to make six or seven Christmas puddings. We had, however, no facilities to cook them all at home, so we would take them on the Mumbles Train to Blackpill, where there were some huge black cooking-ranges. We would come back to The Dunns surrounded by the wonderful smells of those cooked puddings.

The Dunns was a very lively and active place in which to grow up. Pleasures were simple, and cheap – the beach, carnivals in Castle Square, ice-skating at the Pier, and of course the Regent and Tivoli cinemas. What a good time that was. 

Our Roman Heritage-The All Saints’ Pavement

by

Father John, Assistant Curate

 

All of you have probably noticed the pieces of Roman tesserae (mosaic pavement), set in plaque in the southwest corner of the South Aisle of All Saints' Church  and many of you probably know that the church was erected over the remains of a Roman building. The existence of this structure has been known for quite some time. Isaac Hamon of Bishopston, in his correspondence with Edward Lhuvd, the famous antiquary and first curator of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, wrote in July 1697 that at All Saints': ‘part of the churchyard was formerly paved with small bricks like dices, but something larger, of divers colours as red,   white,   yellow   &c,   which   lies scattered about still. The people called it The Saints pavement, and this is their Report, That in old time there came a company of Strange people & lodged in a Cave in the Cliffe, which is now called Saints hole, they troubled  noe body and all the worke they did was to make the said bricks & pavement &c, But this is very true, The Sextons & others   of late  yeares  have  found  in making graves many plates or pieces of the said pavement...’ Trans. Cymm. Soc., 1965, P.97]

Neither Hamon nor Lhuyd associated 'the Saints Pavement' with the Romans, but we, of course know now that what the sextons had been smashing through in order to make graves, was an ornate Roman floor (clearly the churchwardens had not applied for a faculty for this work! Today they would be fined very heavily for not doing so!  And Cadw might have a word to say about it, too!).

Isaac Hamon's information seems to be a garbled interpretation of the ancient story of St. Illtud having lived for a time in a cave at 'Loyngarth', which some scholars identify with Oystermouth. Garbled as the story is, it does however, raise the question which archaeologists and historians have not been able to answer conclusively.

The question is: How much continuity was there from the end of the Roman occupation of Britain into the period that followed it — the so-called Dark Ages?

The existence of a church on a Roman site does not necessarily mean that there was an immediate transition from one to the other. Yet, we know that a number of Roman sites in Britain have churches built on them. In South Wales, for example, two churches associated with saints of the Dark Ages are built on Roman sites: at Loughor and Caerleon. Most of the Roman legions had left Britain around 410 A.D to fight for the Emperor Honorius against the barbarian tribes, which threatened the Empire. We also know that the Christian faith had been brought to Britain by the middle of the Second Century, and that it had become established in many Roman towns and cities by 410. By that date, many British chieftains had increasingly come to take over the functions of the Roman administration, as indeed had many bishops.    Perhaps the presence of churches on Roman sites reflects this fact - and just perhaps, that may be the case at All Saints'.

 

 Roman coins of the early Second Century were found in the Oystermouth area in the 1820s and '30s. During grave digging at All Saints' in 1860, the only known surviving fragments of the mosaic floor were found along with pieces of Roman brick.

The construction of the mosaic floor was a skilled craft, and both the materials and the labour for it would have been imported.  The legionaries usually made the bricks for the buildings themselves (many of the bricks of the fortress at Caerleon are stamped 'LEG II AUG’ the Second Augustan Legion). But what sort of building was constructed at Oystermouth? Earlier thinking suggested that it was a villa, the private residence of a wealthy Roman, much like those found elsewhere in Britain. But current thinking suggests that it may have been a mansio, a kind of official way-station or inn for travellers. One such building has been excavated at Cold Knapp, near Barry. Roman ships would have sheltered in the lee of

Swansea Bay at Oystermouth, the mansio providing a convenient stop over. If the stories associating the Romans with iron-ore mining and oyster fishing at Oystermouth are true, then the mansio might also have provided a suitable administrative centre too.

 

    Recently, during work to improve the entrance to the car park at All Saints,'   Mr. Gareth    Dowdell,    the    Director    of'   the Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological  Trust Ltd. (my former employers),  carried out a 'watching  brief '—the monitoring   of work carried out on a sensitive archaeological site. Gareth confirmed that the piece of brick, which I found there earlier in the year, is Roman. Your Assistant Curate is pleased to announce the first such find since 1860!   A piece of tessera (mosaic fragment) might also have been found. During the watching brief, a number of pieces of brick came to light, along with what might be fragments of stone roofing flags, possibly from the Medieval church. I came across another piece of brick whilst the workmen were clearing up. All finds are now with the Glamorgan Gwent Archeological Trust. It is unlikely that there is any Roman structure in the area of the new car park entrance, however. The fragments, which have been found so far, have probably been moved around the churchyard by generations of gravediggers. The mansio itself is most likely situated in the area of the southwest part of the church and churchyard. But who knows what may turn up in the future?

On behalf of the Parish, I thank Mr. Dowdell and the G.G.A.T. for their help and advice.

First published as

‘What have the Romans ever done for us?’

in All Saints’ Parish Magazine

November 2001 – Volume 102 No. 11

 

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